After years of stalled talks, fresh hope for progress on the long-standing dispute between Somalia and its breakaway region of Somaliland emerged this week with the meeting of presidents Hassan Sheikh Mohamud and Muse Bihi Abdi in Djibouti. Hosted by Djibouti President Ismail Omar Guelleh, the discussions mark the latest attempt to break the deadlock and define the future relationship between the two entities.
A Decade of Talks, Little Progress: Although negotiations between Somalia and Somaliland have been ongoing for ten years, concrete outcomes have been elusive. Despite repeated invitations from President Guelleh, substantial achievements have remained out of reach. This latest meeting, however, carries new weight given the presence of Abdikarin Hussein Guled, Somali President Mohamud's envoy for the talks, and ministers from both sides.
A Breakaway Seeking Recognition: Somaliland declared independence from Somalia in 1991, but its quest for international recognition has so far been unsuccessful. While Ugandan President Yoweri Museveni offered to mediate reunification efforts, Somaliland swiftly rejected the proposal, highlighting the complexities of the situation.
Domestic Politics Fueling Dialogue: President Mohamud's arrival in Djibouti comes on the heels of a crucial meeting with high-ranking members of his Hawiye clan in Mogadishu. The closed-door session focused on pressing political challenges, including constitutional reform and the reinstatement of Puntland to the National Consultative Council (NCC). Reports suggest a preliminary agreement was reached on these key issues, potentially paving the way for broader progress.
Constitutional Hurdles and Election Plans: The NCC, established to guide Somalia towards direct elections, has been marred by the absence of representatives from both Puntland and Somaliland. Amending the constitution, crucial for electoral progress, appears challenging without their participation. While the focus of the Djibouti talks remains unclear, addressing constitutional roadblocks could prove crucial for future advancements.
Hope Beyond Stalemate: Despite the complexities and past disappointments, this renewed dialogue between Somalia and Somaliland offers a glimmer of hope. With significant domestic issues addressed and key players gathered, the potential for breakthrough agreements on critical issues like elections and constitutional reform shouldn't be underestimated. Whether this meeting marks a turning point or another chapter in the ongoing saga remains to be seen, but it undoubtedly injects fresh energy into the pursuit of a lasting resolution.
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